The church was part of the ancient Convent of Saint Teresa of Jesus, of the Order of the Discalced Carmelites. It was founded in 1642 by Infanta Micaela, the daughter of the Roman-Germanic emperor, and the construction works were encouraged by Infanta Maria, the daughter of King João IV, whose coat of arms is in the portico of the church. The church was rebuilt after the earthquake, and keeps its 17th and 18th Centuries tile panels, the beautiful ornamental painting in brutesco in the vault (attributed to Inácio de Oliveira Bernardes and José da Costa Carneiro), the gilded wood carved altars and the mausoleum of both Infantas, the one of Infanta Maria in polychrome marble is of particular interest.